The Kalingas are mainly found in Kalinga province which has an area of 3,282.58 sq. km. Some of them, however, already migrated to Mountain Province, Apayao, Cagayan, and Abra. As of 1995, they were counted to be 105,083, not including those who have migrated outside the Cordillera region.

Kalinga territory includes floodplains of Tabuk, and Rizal, plus the Chico River.

The name Kalinga came from the Ibanag and Gaddang term kalinga, which means headhunter.